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NAD+

LongevityEvidence Level: researchResearch Use Only. Not FDA-approved for specific therapeutic claims without further clinical validation.
Peptide #02

NAD+ is a crucial coenzyme naturally present in every living cell, playing a vital role in various biological processes, particularly cellular metabolism, energy production, DNA repair, and maintaining overall cellular health. As a key player in energy metabolism, NAD+ supports mitochondrial function by facilitating ATP production, the primary energy source of cells. Additionally, NAD+ is essential for activating sirtuins—enzymes involved in cellular aging, longevity, and metabolic regulation—and aiding in the effective repair of DNA damage through its role as a substrate for PARP enzymes, which are crucial for maintaining genomic stability. With aging, NAD+ levels decline naturally, contributing to diminished energy, impaired cellular repair mechanisms, and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. Consequently, supplementation or boosting of NAD+ levels has garnered significant attention for its potential anti-aging effects, improved metabolic health, enhanced cognitive function, and overall longevity promotion.

Alternative Names:

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Overview

NAD+ is a coenzyme crucial for the function of sirtuins, enzymes involved in cellular health, aging processes, and metabolic regulation. It participates extensively in oxidation-reduction reactions, facilitating energy production within mitochondria.

How It Works

NAD+ supports mitochondrial function by facilitating ATP production, activates sirtuins, and aids in DNA repair.

Clinical Effects

Potential anti-aging effects, improved metabolic health, enhanced cognitive function, and overall longevity promotion.

Therapeutic Applications

Anti-aging, metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, cognitive health.

Research Studies

Clinical Trials

Numerous human trials have shown promising initial outcomes in anti-aging, metabolic health, and cognitive function.

Preclinical Studies

Preclinical studies indicate improvements in age-related biomarkers, enhanced metabolic efficiency, and reduced age-associated inflammation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is NAD+ legally available? Yes, NAD+ supplements are commercially available; however, clinical use and therapeutic claims require rigorous clinical validation. Have human trials been conducted with NAD+ supplementation? Numerous human trials have shown promising initial outcomes in anti-aging, metabolic health, and cognitive function, but further research is needed for comprehensive validation. What are potential side effects of NAD+ supplementation? Reported side effects are generally minimal, typically involving mild gastrointestinal symptoms or transient flushing with intravenous administration. Long-term safety profiles remain under investigation. How is NAD+ typically administered? NAD+ can be administered orally, intravenously, or through precursors like NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) and NR (nicotinamide riboside), with specific protocols varying based on therapeutic objectives. Can NAD+ supplementation be combined with other anti-aging therapies? Yes, NAD+ supplementation is often combined with other anti-aging strategies, though controlled studies are essential to determine optimal combinations and interactions. Does NAD+ supplementation permanently increase cellular levels? NAD+ supplementation temporarily increases cellular levels, but ongoing supplementation or lifestyle interventions are generally required to maintain sustained benefits.

Quick Information

Safety Information

Safety Profile

Long-term safety profiles remain under investigation.

Contraindications

Side Effects: Reported side effects are generally minimal, typically involving mild gastrointestinal symptoms or transient flushing with intravenous administration. Safety Profile: Long-term safety profiles remain under investigation.

Side Effects

Reported side effects are generally minimal, typically involving mild gastrointestinal symptoms or transient flushing with intravenous administration.

Research References

Braidy, N., et al. (2019). NAD+ metabolism and interventions for healthy aging and age-related diseases. Clinical Interventions in Aging. Verdin, E. (2015). NAD⁺ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. Rajman, L., Chwalek, K., & Sinclair, D.A. (2018). Therapeutic potential of NAD-boosting molecules: the in vivo evidence. Cell Metabolism.

Additional Resources

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