SS-31 is a synthetic, mitochondria-targeted peptide extensively studied for its powerful antioxidant, cytoprotective, and mitochondrial-protective properties.

SS-31 effectively targets mitochondria, stabilizing cardiolipin, a crucial phospholipid component of mitochondrial membranes. This stabilization significantly reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial bioenergetics, enhancing ATP production, and maintaining optimal mitochondrial function.

Improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction, reduces damage from ischemic events, enhances neurological recovery in diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, improves mitochondrial function, reduces oxidative stress, and enhances cardiac performance.

Cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, age-related degenerative conditions

Is SS-31 legally available? Yes, SS-31 is legally available for research purposes from specialized suppliers but is not approved for general therapeutic use. Have human trials been conducted with SS-31? Yes, human trials have demonstrated promising results in improving mitochondrial function, cardiovascular health, and neurodegenerative conditions. What are potential side effects of SS-31? Reported side effects in clinical studies are minimal and generally mild, including mild gastrointestinal symptoms or injection site reactions. How is SS-31 typically administered? SS-31 is typically administered via intravenous or subcutaneous injections in clinical research settings, with dosing protocols adjusted based on specific therapeutic objectives. Can SS-31 be combined with other therapeutic agents? SS-31 is frequently studied in combination with other therapies. Controlled clinical studies are essential to establish safe and effective combination treatments. Does SS-31 provide permanent improvements in mitochondrial function? SS-31 significantly improves mitochondrial function during active administration. Sustained benefits typically require ongoing or periodic treatments.